What does it mean to decant a liquid and solid mixture?

• A. Filter the liquid to obtain the solid.
• B. Pour the liquid away, leaving the solid behind.
• C. Add a solvent to dissolve the solid.
• D. Recrystallize the mixture.

Answer: (B)

Decanting is a simple separation that uses gravity. When the mixture is left to settle, the solid forms a layer at the bottom. You then gently pour the liquid off the top into another container, leaving the solid behind. This keeps the solid intact and avoids using a filter, dissolving it, or forcing a crystallization. It works best when the solid has clearly settled and you pour slowly to avoid carrying any solid with the liquid.