What is the purpose of a Liebig condenser?

• A. To change steam to water
• B. To measure volume
• C. To mix chemicals
• D. To hold solids

Answer: (A)

A Liebig condenser is used to cool hot vapour and turn it back into a liquid. The vapour from a distillation flask travels through the inner tube, while cold water flows around the outside in the outer jacket. The heat is removed, the vapour loses energy, and it condenses into liquid that drips out to be collected. This is why its purpose is to change steam into liquid water, rather than measuring volume, mixing chemicals, or holding solids.